When a workplace injury occurs, knowing which workers’ compensation system applies to your claim is essential. Many employees assume that workers’ compensation works the same way across the board, but that is not the case. Federal employees and California state or private-sector employees are covered by two completely different systems, each governed by its own laws and procedures. Federal workers’ compensation is administered through the Office of Workers’ Compensation Programs, or OWCP, while most other workers in California fall under the state workers’ compensation system.
For injured workers in Long Beach and throughout California, understanding these differences can help prevent delays, reduce stress, and protect the right to receive proper medical care and wage replacement benefits.
OWCP administers workers’ compensation benefits for federal employees under the Federal Employees’ Compensation Act, commonly referred to as FECA. This system applies only to employees of the federal government, regardless of where they are located. If you are a federal employee, you are not eligible for California state workers’ compensation benefits.
Federal employees commonly covered under OWCP include:
Under FECA, OWCP provides benefits for traumatic injuries, occupational diseases, and work-related conditions. These benefits may include coverage for medical treatment, wage replacement during periods of disability, and compensation for permanent impairments. OWCP acts as the decision-making authority, reviewing medical evidence and determining whether a claim meets federal standards for approval.
Federal workers must follow strict procedures when filing an OWCP claim. The type of injury determines which form must be used, and incomplete or incorrect filings often lead to delays or denials.
Common OWCP claim forms include:
Medical documentation plays a critical role in federal claims. OWCP requires detailed medical opinions that explain how the injury or condition is directly related to job duties. A simple diagnosis is often not enough, and supporting evidence must clearly establish causation.
California’s workers’ compensation system applies to most non-federal employees, including private-sector workers and employees of state and local governments. Employers are required to carry workers’ compensation insurance, and claims are usually handled by insurance carriers rather than a government agency.
Benefits available under California workers’ compensation may include:
Unlike OWCP, the California system often limits an injured worker’s choice of medical providers, especially early in the claim. Treatment is frequently directed through a Medical Provider Network selected by the employer or insurer.
While both systems are designed to provide benefits to injured workers, the differences between federal and state workers’ compensation are significant and can directly affect how a claim progresses.
Some of the most important differences include:
Another unique feature of federal workers’ compensation is Continuation of Pay, which may allow certain federal employees to receive their regular salary for a limited time after a traumatic injury. This benefit does not have a direct equivalent in California’s system.
Applying the wrong rules or missing important steps can lead to serious consequences. Federal claims often require more detailed medical evidence than state claims, and OWCP frequently issues requests for additional documentation. Failure to respond properly can result in benefit interruptions or denials.
In both systems, injured workers may encounter challenges such as:
Understanding which system applies to your injury helps ensure that you follow the correct procedures and meet all required deadlines.
Many injured workers mistakenly believe they can choose between OWCP and California workers’ compensation. Coverage is determined by the employer, not by the state where the injury occurred. Federal employees must pursue benefits through OWCP.
Other common misconceptions include:
Both systems allow appeals, but each has strict time limits and procedural requirements that must be followed carefully.
Workers’ compensation claims can be complex, particularly when federal laws and procedures are involved. Legal guidance can help injured workers understand what evidence is required, communicate effectively with claims administrators, and pursue appeals when necessary.
For federal employees, learning more about federal workers’ compensation rights can help prevent errors and protect long-term benefits. Our federal workers’ compensation service page explains how these claims work and how we assist injured federal employees throughout the process.
If you have been injured at work and are unsure whether your claim falls under OWCP or California workers’ compensation, it is important to seek clarity as soon as possible. Delays and misunderstandings can affect medical care, income replacement, and overall financial security.
At the Law Office of Andrea R. Herman, we work with injured employees to help them understand their rights and pursue the benefits they deserve. If you have questions about a federal or state workers’ compensation claim, we encourage you to contact us to discuss your situation and learn what steps may be available to you.
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